Source: ECFR

Hardcore anti-Western parties (30 parties)

Most Ranking

‘Parliamentary diplomacy’ concerns  the full range of international activities undertaken by parliamentarians in order to increase mutual understanding between countries, to assist each other in improving the control of governments and the representation of a people and to increase the democratic legitimacy of inter-governmental institutions.

Various activities may fall under ‘parliamentary diplomacy’. It may include:

La Commission européenne a rejeté le projet de rapprochement entre  Alstom et Siemens censé créer avec le soutien des gouvernements français et allemand un champion européen du ferroviaire face à la concurrence internationale, notamment chinoise.

As of 25 January 2019

1. Albania
2. ASEAN
3. Belize
4. Brazil
5. Cabo Verde
6. Chad
7. Cuba
8. Egypt
9. Estonia
10. Georgia
11. Honduras
12. Jordan
13. Libya
14. Mexico
15. Pakistan
16. Panama
17. Qatar
18. Singapore
19. Tanzania
20. Thailand
21. Turkey

Countries where the U.S. does not exchange Ambassadors

1. Belarus
2. Bolivia
3. Eritrea
4. Sudan
5. Syria
6. Venezuela

1. Cuba, Bolivia, El Salvador and Nicaragua continue to support Maduro.
2. Mexico, has backed Maduro’s government after Guaidó’s announcement.
3. While the Maduro administration is under heightened pressure from the Western Hemisphere, it has retained the support of Russia and China, allies who have played a crucial role in keeping the Venezuelan regime afloat through loans and other contributions.

Author: Michel Barnier, former vice president of the European Commission and French Minister of Foreign Affairs, EU chief negotiator for Brexit

Source: Chatham House

Investor Citizenship Schemes (‘golden passports')

In the EU, three Member States (Bulgaria, Cyprus and Malta) currently operate schemes that grant investors the nationality of these countries under conditions which are less strict than ordinary naturalisation regimes. In these three Member States, there is no obligation of physical residence for the individual, nor a requirement of other genuine connections with the country before obtaining citizenship.

Adopted on 28th February 2018

On 28 February 2018, the Greens/EFA Group adopted, for the first time, a comprehensive Position on the future of the EU in all constitutional matters. 

Short-term: Restoring confidence and strengthening democratic legitimacy

1) Protecting the public interest by controlling the influence of the private interests

The EU-Japan Economic Agreement became effective as of 1st February 2019. It removes the vast majority of the €1 billion of duties paid annually by EU companies exporting to Japan, as well as a number of long-standing regulatory barriers, for example on car exports. It also opens up the Japanese market of 127 million consumers to key EU agricultural products and increases EU export opportunities in many other sectors.